1485 Beginning of Tudor Dynasty, Henry VII assumes the throne Central Royal authority was strengthened and private feudal armies suppressed. JSTORJSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not- for- profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways.. African MARRIAGE/weddings are a family affair and involve the combining of two lives, two families, and sometimes even two communities! There are many different.Modern history - Wikipedia. Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the global historiographical approach to the timeframe after the post- classical era in European history (known as the Middle Ages). The concept of modernity interprets the general meaning of these events and seeks explanations for major developments. Source text. It is imperative to consider the reliability of the information obtained from these records. Terminology and usage. Religious officials, who often held positions of power, were the spiritual intermediaries to the common person. It was only through these intermediaries that the general masses had access to the divine. Tradition was sacred to ancient cultures and was unchanging and the social order of ceremony and morals in a culture could be strictly enforced. New information about the world was discovered via empirical observation. It is important to note that these terms stem from European history. In usage in other parts of the world, such as in Asia, and in Muslim countries, the terms are applied in a very different way, but often in the context with their contact with European culture in the Age of Discovery. Regarding the 2. 1st century and the late modern world, the Information Age and computers were forefront in use, not completely ubiquitous but often present in everyday life. The development of Eastern powers was of note, with China and India becoming more powerful. In the Eurasian theater, the European Union and Russian Federation were two forces recently developed. A concern for Western world, if not the whole world, was the late modern form of terrorism and the warfare that has resulted from the contemporary terrorist acts. Modern era. It has also been an age of discovery and globalization. Officine Panerai had a monster hit on its hands with the 2011 PAM00382 “Bronzo.” So frenzied was the public reaction to that stunning marriage of bronze to. It consists of a few families living together without formal leadership. Marriage in China has undergone change during the country's reform and opening period, especially because of new legal policies like the New Marriage Law of 1950 and. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a place that fuels creativity, ignites minds, and provides inspiration. Its extraordinary exhibitions and collection of modern and. During this time, the European powers and later their colonies, began a political, economic, and cultural colonization of the rest of the world. By the late 1. 9th and 2. Western Europe and North America, but almost every civilized area on the globe, including movements thought of as opposed to the west and globalization. The modern era is closely associated with the development of individualism. Particular facets of early modernity include: Important events in the early modern period include: Modern Age characteristics. The concept of the modern world as distinct from an ancient or medieval world rests on a sense that the modern world is not just another era in history, but rather the result of a new type of change. This is usually conceived of as progress driven by deliberate human efforts to better their situation. Advances in all areas of human activity. The industrialization of many nations was initiated with the industrialization of Britain. Particular facets of the late modernity period include: Other important events in the development of the Late modern period include: Our most recent era. The contemporary era follows shortly afterward with the explosion of research and increase of knowledge known as the Information Age in the latter 2. Today's Postmodern era is seen in widespread digitality. It follows the Late Middle Ages period and is marked by the first European colonies, the rise of strong centralized governments, and the beginnings of recognizable nation- states that are the direct antecedents of today's states. In Africa and the Ottoman Empire, the Muslim expansion took place in North and East Africa. In West Africa, various native nations existed. The Indian Empires and civilizations of Southeast Asia were a vital link in the spice trade. On the Indian subcontinent, the Great Mughal Empire existed. The archipelagic empires, the Sultanate of Malacca and later the Sultanate of Johor, controlled the southern areas. In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1. Russian Far East in the 1. Later religious trends of the period saw the end of the expansion of Muslims and the Muslim world. Christians and Christendom saw the end of the Crusades and end of religious unity under the Roman Catholic Church. It was during this time that the Inquisitions and Protestant reformations took place. During the early modern period, an age of discovery and trade was undertaken by the Western European nations. Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and France went on a colonial expansion and took possession of lands and set up colonies in Africa, southern Asia, and North and South America. Large urban centers, such as Nanjing and Beijing, also contributed to the growth of private industry. In particular, small- scale industries grew up, often specializing in paper, silk, cotton, and porcelain goods. For the most part, however, relatively small urban centers with markets proliferated around the country. Town markets mainly traded food, with some necessary manufactures such as pins or oil. Despite the xenophobia and intellectual introspection characteristic of the increasingly popular new school of neo- Confucianism, China under the early Ming dynasty was not isolated. Foreign trade and other contacts with the outside world, particularly Japan, increased considerably. Chinese merchants explored all of the Indian Ocean, reaching East Africa with the treasure voyages of Zheng He. The Qing dynasty (1. The Manchus were formerly known as the Jurchens. When Beijing was captured by Li Zicheng's peasant rebels in 1. Chongzhen Emperor, the last Ming emperor, committed suicide. The Manchus then allied with former Ming general Wu Sangui and seized control of Beijing, which became the new capital of the Qing dynasty. The Manchus adopted the Confucian norms of traditional Chinese government in their rule of China proper. Schoppa, the editor of The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History argues, . It also allows us to have a better baseline to understand the precipitous decline of the Chinese polity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1. Tokugawa Ieyasu who completed this process and received the title of shogun in 1. Society in the Japanese . The daimyo, or lords, were at the top, followed by the warrior- caste of samurai, with the farmers, artisans, and traders ranking below. In some parts of the country, particularly smaller regions, daimyo and samurai were more or less identical, since daimyo might be trained as samurai, and samurai might act as local lords. Otherwise, the largely inflexible nature of this social stratification system unleashed disruptive forces over time. Taxes on the peasantry were set at fixed amounts which did not account for inflation or other changes in monetary value. As a result, the tax revenues collected by the samurai landowners were worth less and less over time. This often led to numerous confrontations between noble but impoverished samurai and well- to- do peasants, ranging from simple local disturbances to much bigger rebellions. None, however, proved compelling enough to seriously challenge the established order until the arrival of foreign powers. On the Indian subcontinent, the Mughal Empire ruled most of India in the early 1. During this period, the Empire was marked by a highly centralized administration connecting the different regions. All the significant monuments of the Mughals, their most visible legacy, date to this period which was characterised by the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and architectural results. The Maratha Empire was located in the south west of present- day India and expanded greatly under the rule of the Peshwas, the prime ministers of the Maratha empire. In 1. 76. 1, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat which halted imperial expansion and the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states. British and Dutch colonization. The commercial colonization of India commenced in 1. Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal surrendered his dominions to the British East India Company. The rule lasted until 1. Indian rebellion of 1. Government of India Act 1. British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj. However, their rivalry cooled in 1. Anglo- Dutch treaty demarcated their respective interests in Southeast Asia. From the 1. 85. 0s onwards, the pace of colonization shifted to a significantly higher gear. The Dutch East India Company (1. British East India Company (1. Only Thailand was spared the experience of foreign rule, although, Thailand itself was also greatly affected by the power politics of the Western powers. Colonial rule had a profound effect on Southeast Asia. While the colonial powers profited much from the region's vast resources and large market, colonial rule did develop the region to a varying extent. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor period with the victory of Henry VII over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1. Cossacks were warriors organized into military communities, resembling pirates and pioneers of the New World. In 1. 64. 8, the peasants of Ukraine joined the Zaporozhian Cossacks in rebellion against Poland- Lithuania during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, because of the social and religious oppression they suffered under Polish rule. In 1. 65. 4 the Ukrainian leader, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, offered to place Ukraine under the protection of the Russian Tsar, Aleksey I. Aleksey's acceptance of this offer led to another Russo- Polish War (1.
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